“Neither Breaking Nor Quenching,

Neither Broken Nor Quenched”

Isaiah 42:1-9

First Presbyterian Church of Jamestown , New York

The Reverend Thomas A. Sweet

January 13, 2008

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The forty-second chapter of Isaiah is one of the richest in the Bible.  But to understand it, it helps to know something of the background that is provided in the previous chapter.  The historical setting is that Israel is in exile in Babylon and, via a sophisticated propaganda machine, the Babylonians have been trying to convince the Jewish exiles to give up their allegiance to a God whom the Babylonians claimed was weak and ineffectual.  “Worship our gods,” the Babylonians insisted.  So, the poet-prophet, Isaiah, not wanting his people to abandon the Holy One of Israel, conjures for the benefit of the exiles a courtroom scene in which God has summoned the nations of the world and their gods, including Babylon , to come to give answer to these questions:  Who, ultimately, can bring forth justice in the world?  Who can heal a suffering people and set things right among the nations?  Who can bring light to people who live in darkness?  

The poet pictures God as a consummate prosecutor pressing his case.  He tells the gathered nations about the great acts of creation and salvation that the Holy One of Israel has wrought.  He tells the Babylonians how the great Egyptian Pharaoh, like they themselves, thought he had an unbreakable lock on the Israelites before God sprung them loose under the leadership of Moses.  He declares how the God of the Jews had called forth not only the stars in the sky but also the generations of people on earth.  He exclaims how that same

God not only had set the sun in its course but also harbors a secret heart for those whom the world considers last, lost, least, and littlest.  “I, the Lord, have done all of this,” the divine prosecutor cries out.  Then he turns and says to the nations, “Now set forth your cases.  Make your claims for your gods.  Present your proofs of their potency.  Tell of what great things they have done.  Let us hear why people should put their trust in them.”  

But the nations sputter.  This was the era of the great Babylonian and Assyrian empires.  It was the Golden Age of Greece.  Rome was poised to become a world power.  Those who had gathered in Isaiah’s courtroom were the biggest, best, and brightest the world had to offer, but they had nothing to say.  So the verdict is rendered on the nations:  “Your gods are all a delusion; their works are nothing; they are empty wind.”  

It is against that backdrop that Isaiah now reminds the exiles, in chapter 42, of their relationship to God, putting these words in God’s mouth as he says of the Jews:  

Here is my servant whom I lift up for you,

my chosen, in whom my soul delights;

I have put my spirit upon my servant;

my servant will bring forth justice to the nations…

A bruised reed my servant will not break,

and a dimly burning wick my servant will not quench;

My servant faithfully will bring forth justice.

My servant will not grow faint or be crushed

until my servant has brought forth justice in the earth…

 

Israel had become so self-absorbed with its concern about its own destiny during its years of exile that the people had forgotten why God had chosen them in the first place.  Whenever God calls or chooses a people, or a person, it is not for honor or privilege, but for service.  God had chosen Israel to act on God’s behalf as a light to the nations, showing them the way to live in the world.  

What did God need Israel to do?  Three times we hear the answer:  bring forth justice…bring forth justice…bring forth justice.  What is the justice that Israel is to bring forth?  Nothing less than a restructuring of social life and social power so that the weak and unprotected may live lives of dignity, security, and well-being.  In the name of God, Isaiah dispatches the servant community, Israel , to reorder the way society thinks and works for the sake of all the vulnerable ones.  Isaiah even suggests how Israel is to do it.  Israel is itself to become vulnerable and tend to others who are exposed, unguarded, unsure, and unsafe…the bruised reeds and the dimly burning wicks.  Israel ’s way of being and relating in the world is contrasted dramatically with Babylon ’s and any other world power whose way it is to break bruised reeds and to snuff out flickering wicks.  Israel is to pursue a different way: abandoning the accrual of self-interested power in favor of the harder task of love.  

“A bruised reed God’s servant will not break…”  In Isaiah’s day, the Hebrew children often went down to the riverside to play.  That is where the reeds – tall, thick, bamboo-like grass – grew.  One of the childrens’ favorite pastimes was to take strong, sturdy reeds, hollow them out, and make of them gorgeous sounding flutes.  The riverbank was full of reeds so, if any of them were cracked or bruised, the children simply broke them in half and threw them away.  There were enough reeds so that they did not have to accept any that were not perfect.  Bruised reeds were of no value to the flute makers.  

How often in the world people are treated like that.  As long as we are healthy, productive, and useful, there is a place for us.  But let us become a bruised reed in any way, even if the bruising is not of our own doing, and we no longer fit.   There is no longer a place for us in the mainstream.  We are expendable.  We have learned the lesson so well that we harbor all kinds of hurts within us, to our great detriment, so that we do not reveal our brokenness.  

But the servant of the Lord, be it Israel of the Old Testament or the Christian community of the present day, is not to be like that.  Jesus, who most fully embodied the servanthood about which Isaiah prophesied, was, in fact, drawn to “bruised reeds.”  Somehow, we too often have come to think that God is pleased only when we are strong, when we have everything in our lives put together, when we are able to handle all of our problems, and so we hold that standard up for others, too.  No!  Jesus showed special affection and care for those who are in any way bruised by their experience of life and, as followers of the way of Jesus, we are, Isaiah says, to do the same.  

It long has been a concern and sorrow of mine that churches do not do that very well, that we are welcoming only of those who keep the tacit agreement to be “nice” and “polite” and who do not let their brokenness show.  I one time saw on a bulletin board outside of a church the claim that the church is a hospital for sinners.  But how can that be if we do not allow ourselves and each other to speak honestly of what ails and afflicts us?  How can it be if there is a conspiracy of respectability going on that makes the admission of people’s pain and hurt and sin and confusion anathema?  It is not the rich that the church typically “sends empty away” but those who are poor…in spirit, in acceptable morality, in their ability to fit the dominant mold of social rules and roles.  I hope increasingly that it shall not be like that here among us.  The constitution of the Presbyterian Church says that the church is to be the provisional demonstration of the kingdom of God to the world.  In other words, we are, the church is, to show forth God’s way in the world against all odds, even when it is incredibly hard and uncomfortable to do so, even when it makes us squirm and stretch, until God’s way – of justice, compassion, joy – is the world’s way, too.  

The servant of God treats tenderly the fragile beauties of creation, for the servant sees in them an image of his or her own soul.  Therefore, neither breaking nor quenching, the servant of God is neither broken nor quenched.  One of the horrors of war is that those who are asked directly to participate often return home, if they do, broken and quenched because they themselves have had to break and quench.  Likewise, when we in any way break the bruised reeds and quench the dimly burning wicks in our midst, either by complicity in bad public policy or by our own actions, our souls suffer as well, whether we know it right away or not.  

“A dimly burning wick the servant will not quench…”  Hebrew homes were not equipped, of course, with electric lights.  Instead, oil lamps were used that looked very much like “Aladdin’s lamp.”  The lamps were filled with oil and contained a wick made of flax.  As long as the wick remained immersed in the oil, it would burn.  But, as the oil ran out, the wick smoldered and began to smoke.  The Hebrews then extinguished the wick and threw it away.  

Isaiah is painting a metaphorical picture of people whose flickering flame society is all too ready to douse.  Too old?  Extinguish.  Too sick?  Extinguish.  Too weak?  Extinguish.  Too much of a problem?  Extinguish.  Too different?  Extinguish.  Too costly?  Extinguish.  Too fragile?  Extinguish.  Too poor?  Extinguish.  Extinguish.  Extinguish.  

Any doubt that God’s way is different?  When the woman caught in adultery was brought to Jesus, did he break that bruised reed?  When the prodigal son came home a smoldering shell of the young man he used to be, did the father extinguish that dimly burning wick?  When the one sheep strayed from the flock and got lst, did the shepherd say, “Doesn’t matter.  I have ninety-nine more”?  No, no, and no.  

Doing justice is the moral crown of God’s creation.  It is, Isaiah says, our only true worship.  What we begin in the sanctuary is completed, fulfilled, and legitimized by what we do in the world.  Caring for the vulnerable ones, the despised ones, the ones that get pushed to the margins of our society, those who are dis-advantaged, those who are down on their luck, and those who are simply down – that was the work that “Isaiah’s servant” was given to do, the servant in whom God delighted.  That was the work that Jesus did, the beloved Son with whom God was well-pleased.  And it is no less our continuing work as well…you good and faithful servants.  

Amen.

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